TY  - JOUR
EP  - 3651
IS  - 12
SN  - 0033-4553
JF  - PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
AV  - public
A1  -  Abdelsamei Enas
A1  -  Sheishah Diaa Elsayed Hamed Abdallah Hamed
A1  -  Runa Boglárka
A1  -  Balogh Olivér
A1  -  Tóth Csaba
A1  -  Primusz Péter
A1  -  Trenka Sándor
A1  -  Van Leeuwen Boudewijn
A1  -  Tobak Zalán
A1  -  Páll Dávid Gergely
A1  -  Sipos György
SP  - 3633
TI  - Application of Ground Penetrating Radar in the Assessment of Aged Roads: Focus On Complex Structures Under Different Weather Conditions
ID  - publicatio35518
Y1  - 2024///
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-024-03604-y
N1  - Correspondence Address: Sipos, G.; Department of Geoinformatics, Egyetem U. 2-6., Hungary; email: gysipos@geo.u-szeged.hu            
            Funding details: 2018-1.1.2-KFI-2018-00029            
            Funding details: Nemzeti Kutatási, Fejlesztési és Innovaciós Alap, NKFIA, RRF-2.3.1-21- 2022-00008            
            Funding details: Nemzeti Kutatási, Fejlesztési és Innovaciós Alap, NKFIA            
            Funding text 1: Open access funding provided by University of Szeged. The support for GPR measurements was provided by Roden Ltd. under project 2018-1.1.2-KFI-2018-00029, funded by the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund, Hungary; and the project RRF-2.3.1-21- 2022-00008, National Laboratory for Water Science and Water Safety.            
            Funding text 2: We would like to acknowledge the support for GPR measurements provided by Roden Ltd. under project 2018-1.1.2-KFI-2018-00029, funded by the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund, Hungary.
VL  - 181
N2  - Ground penetrating radar (GPR) has been widely used to assess asphalt and pavement, especially in quality testing for newly constructed roads. However, its usage has been limited in regard to aged roads. Thus, this study focuses on the applicability of GPR to extract diverse information regarding structure, thickness, and various conditions, including the moisture content of an aged road section that has undergone repeated renewals. First, two methods were employed to calculate the thickness and dielectric values; the reflection amplitude and ground truth methods. The analysis was done by RADAN 7 software. Based on the findings, the average error of thickness on the same day between continuous GPR and the core data were 2.87% and 8.72%, respectively. Second, dielectric analysis of three structural units was performed under different moisture conditions. As a result, the average dielectric values of macadam (3, 3.3, and 4), surface asphalt layer (4, 7.06, and 8.31), and cement-treated base (4.83, 10.88, and 11.88) were determined under dry, medium-wet, and wet conditions, respectively. The volumetric water difference ( f ) within the pavement was also estimated. As for the asphalt, macadam, and cement-treated base, the difference in the volume fraction of water ( f ) was 0.06, 0.01, and 0.1, respectively, under dry and wet conditions, and 0.04, 0.004, and 0.09, respectively, under dry and medium-wet conditions. Overall, the findings demonstrate that reasonably accurate assessments of the pavement thickness, structure, dielectric values, and amplitude of aged roads can be achieved by using a GPR survey under various conditions.
ER  -